Nginx动静分离经典案例配置

摘要:随着Nginx高性能Web服务器大量被使用,目前Nginx最新稳定版为 1.2.6 ,张宴兄在实际应用中大量使用Nginx,并分享Nginx高性能Web服务器知识,使得Nginx在国内也是飞速的发展。那今天咱们再来温习一下Nginx动静分离知识,这里仅供参考。 一、实践环境: view source

随着Nginx高性能Web服务器大量被使用,目前Nginx最新稳定版为 1.2.6 ,张宴兄在实际应用中大量使用Nginx,并分享Nginx高性能Web服务器知识,使得Nginx在国内也是飞速的发展。那今天咱们再来温习一下Nginx动静分离知识,这里仅供参考。

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一、实践环境:

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1 系统版本:CentOS6.0 X86_64
2 Nginx版本:Nginx-1.2.6
3 Tomcat版本:Tomcat-6.0.18

二、Nginx安装:
实际环境中安装Nginx,首先需要安装pcre库,然后再安装 Nginx :
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01 #安装pcre支持rewrite库,也可以安装源码,注*安装源码时,指定pcre路径为解压源码的路径,而不是编译后的路径,否则会报错。
02 yuminstallpcre-devel pcre -y
03
04 #下载Nginx源码包
05 cd/usr/src ;wget -c http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
06
07 #解压Nginx源码包
08 tar-xzf nginx-1.2.6.tar.gz
09
10 #进入解压目录,然后sed修改Nginx版本信息为TDTWS
11 cdnginx-1.2.6 ;sed-i -e\'s/1.2.6//g\'-e\'s/nginx//TDTWS/g\'-e\'s/"NGINX"/"TDTWS"/g\'src/core/nginx.h
12
13 #预编译Nginx
14 ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
15 #.configure预编译成功后,执行make命令进行编译
16
17 make
18 #make执行成功后,执行make install 正式安装
19 makeinstall
20 #自此Nginx安装完毕!

三、配置Nginx:
这里忽略Tomcat安装和配置,只配置Nginx
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1 #进入Nginx应用目录
2 cd/usr/local/nginx/conf
3 #备份原nginx.conf文件
4 mvnginx.conf nginx.bak

创建 vi nginx.conf ,并写入如下内容:
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01 user www www;
02 worker_processes 8;
03 worker_cpu_affinity 00000001 00000010 00000100 00001000 00010000 00100000 01000000 10000000;
04 pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;
05
06 worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;
07
08 events
09 {
10 use epoll;
11 worker_connections 102400;
12 }
13 http
14 {
15 include mime.types;
16
17 default_type application/octet-stream;
18
19 fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
20
21 charset utf-8;
22
23 server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
24 client_header_buffer_size 4k;
25 large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
26 client_max_body_size 300m;
27
28 sendfile on;
29 tcp_nopush on;
30
31 keepalive_timeout 60;
32
33 tcp_nodelay on;
34
35 client_body_buffer_size 512k;
36 proxy_connect_timeout 5;
37 proxy_read_timeout 60;
38 proxy_send_timeout 5;
39 proxy_buffer_size 16k;
40 proxy_buffers 4 64k;
41 proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;
42 proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;
43
44 gzipon;
45 gzip_min_length 1k;
46 gzip_buffers 4 16k;
47 gzip_http_version 1.1;
48 gzip_comp_level 2;
49 gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
50 gzip_vary on;
51
52
53 ###2012-12-19 change nginx logs
54
55 log_format main\'$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" \'
56 \'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" \'
57 \'"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr\';
58
59 #这里为后端服务器wugk应用集群配置,根据后端实际情况修改即可,tdt_wugk为负载均衡名称,可以任意指定
60 #但必须跟vhosts.conf虚拟主机的pass段一致,否则不能转发后端的请求。
61 upstream tdt_wugk {
62 server 10.10.141.30:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
63 server 10.10.141.30:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
64 server 10.10.141.31:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
65 server 10.10.141.31:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
66 server 10.10.141.32:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
67 server 10.10.141.32:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
68 }
69 #这里为后端APP应用负载均衡配置,根据后端实际情况修改即可。tdt_app为负载均衡名称,可以任意指定
70 upstream tdt_app {
71 server 10.10.141.40:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
72 server 10.10.141.40:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
73 server 10.10.141.41:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
74 server 10.10.141.41:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
75 server 10.10.141.42:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
76 server 10.10.141.42:8081 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;
77 }
78 #include引用vhosts.conf,该文件主要用于配置Nginx 虚拟主机
79 include vhosts.conf;
80 }
如上nginx.conf配置完毕,继续配置nginx虚拟主机,继续在当前目录创建vhosts.conf

vi vhosts.conf 内容如下:

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01 ####www.wuguangke.cn
02 server
03
04 {
05 listen 80;
06 server_name www.wuguangke.cn;
07 index index.html index.htm;
08 #配置发布目录为/data/www/wugk
09 root /data/www/wugk;
10
11 location /
12 {
13 proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
14 proxy_set_header Host $host;
15 proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
16 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
17 proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk;
18 expires 3d;
19 }
20 #动态页面交给http://tdt_wugk,也即我们之前在nginx.conf定义的upstream tdt_wugk 均衡
21 location ~ .*.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
22 {
23 proxy_set_header Host $host;
24 proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
25 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
26 proxy_pass http://tdt_wugk;
27 }
28 #配置Nginx动静分离,定义的静态页面直接从Nginx发布目录读取。
29 location ~ .*.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$
30 {
31 root /data/www/wugk;
32 #expires定义用户浏览器缓存的时间为3天,如果静态页面不常更新,可以设置更长,这样可以节省带宽和缓解服务器的压力
33 expires 3d;
34 }
35 #定义Nginx输出日志的路径
36 access_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/access.log main;
37 error_log /data/logs/nginx_wugk/error.log crit;
38 }
39
40 ##########chinaapp.sinaapp.com 2012-12-19
41 server
42
43 {
44 listen 80;
45 server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com;
46 index index.html index.htm;
47 root /data/www;
48
49 location /
50 {
51 proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header;
52 proxy_set_header Host $host;
53 proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
54 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
55 proxy_pass http://tdt_app;
56 expires 3d;
57 }
58
59 location ~ .*.(php|jsp|cgi)?$
60 {
61 proxy_set_header Host $host;
62 proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
63 proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
64 proxy_pass http://tdt_app;
65 }
66 location ~ .*.(html|htm|gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$
67 {
68 root /data/www/app;
69 expires 3d;
70 }
71
72 access_log /data/logs/nginx_app/access.log main;
73 error_log /data/logs/nginx_app/error.log crit;
74 }

四、部署测试:
后端配置好Tomcat服务,并启动,发布的程序需同步到Nginx的/data/www对应的目录,因为配置动静分离后,用户请求你定义的静态页面,默 认会去nginx的发布目录请求,而不会到后端请求,所以这时候你要保证后端跟前端的程序保持一致,可以使用Rsync做服务端自动同步。
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1 #检查Nginx配置文件是否配置正确,提示Ok and successful表示正确,如下:
2 [root@WEB-11-151 ~]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
3 nginx: the configurationfile/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
4 nginx: configurationfile/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conftestis successful
5 #启动Nginx服务
6 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
7 #查看Nginx进程是否启动
8 ps-ef |grepnginx
本文只是一个简单的实际案例,里面的配置和参数这里没有做过多的说明。
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