LNMP ( CentOS Nginx MySQL PHP ) 环境搭建

确定测试环境和软件版本

Linux : centOS-6.2
Nginx : nginx-1.2.0
MySQL : mysql-5.5.3
PHP : php-5.4.1

获取相关开源程序

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

已经是相对完整的 Linux 略过此步骤

下载程序源码包

创建目录存放源码包，此目录还要用于存放 mysql 数据库和作为程序空间使用

mkdir -p /data0/software cd /data0/software

下载程序源码包

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.0.tar.gz wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.4.1.tar.gz/from/this/mirror wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz

编译安装 MySQL

新建运行 MySQL 的用户

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql

编译安装 MySQL

tar zxvf mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.3-m3/ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg make && make install chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql cd ../

创建 MySQL 数据库存放目录

mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/data/ mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/binlog/ mkdir -p /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/ chown -R mysql:mysql /data0/mysql/

以 mysql 用户帐号的身份建立数据表

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/data0/mysql/3306/data --user=mysql

创建 my.cnf 配置文件

vi /data0/mysql/3306/my.cnf

输入以下内容：

[client] character-set-server = utf8 port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock [mysqld] character-set-server = utf8 replicate-ignore-db = mysql replicate-ignore-db = test replicate-ignore-db = information_schema user = mysql port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql datadir = /data0/mysql/3306/data log-error = /data0/mysql/3306/mysql_error.log pid-file = /data0/mysql/3306/mysql.pid open_files_limit = 10240 back_log = 600 max_connections = 5000 max_connect_errors = 6000 table_cache = 614 external-locking = FALSE max_allowed_packet = 32M sort_buffer_size = 1M join_buffer_size = 1M thread_cache_size = 300 #thread_concurrency = 8 query_cache_size = 512M query_cache_limit = 2M query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k default-storage-engine = MyISAM thread_stack = 192K transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED tmp_table_size = 246M max_heap_table_size = 246M long_query_time = 3 log-slave-updates log-bin = /data0/mysql/3306/binlog/binlog binlog_cache_size = 4M binlog_format = MIXED max_binlog_cache_size = 8M max_binlog_size = 1G relay-log-index = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog relay-log-info-file = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog relay-log = /data0/mysql/3306/relaylog/relaylog expire_logs_days = 30 key_buffer_size = 256M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G myisam_repair_threads = 1 myisam_recover interactive_timeout = 120 wait_timeout = 120 skip-name-resolve #master-connect-retry = 10 slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396 #master-host = 192.168.1.2 #master-user = username #master-password = password #master-port = 3306 server-id = 1 innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 16M innodb_buffer_pool_size = 512M innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:256M:autoextend innodb_file_io_threads = 4 innodb_thread_concurrency = 8 innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2 innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M innodb_log_file_size = 128M innodb_log_files_in_group = 3 innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120 innodb_file_per_table = 0 #log-slow-queries = /data0/mysql/3306/slow.log #long_query_time = 10 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 32M

创建管理MySQL数据库的shell脚本

vi /data0/mysql/3306/mysql

输入以下内容（这里的用户名admin和密码12345678接下来的步骤会创建）

#!/bin/sh mysql_port=3306 mysql_username = "admin" mysql_password = "12345678" function_start_mysql() { printf "Starting MySQL...n" /bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/my.cnf 2>&1 > /dev/null & } function_stop_mysql() { printf "Stoping MySQL...n" /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u ${mysql_username} -p${mysql_password} -S /tmp/mysql.sock shutdown } function_restart_mysql() { printf "Restarting MySQL...n" function_stop_mysql sleep 5 function_start_mysql } function_kill_mysql() { kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep \'bin/mysqld_safe\' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk \'{printf $2}\') kill -9 $(ps -ef | grep \'libexec/mysqld\' | grep ${mysql_port} | awk \'{printf $2}\') } if [ "$1" = "start" ]; then function_start_mysql elif [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then function_stop_mysql elif [ "$1" = "restart" ]; then function_restart_mysql elif [ "$1" = "kill" ]; then function_kill_mysql else printf "Usage: /data0/mysql/${mysql_port}/mysql {start|stop|restart|kill}n" fi

赋予shell脚本可执行权限

chmod +x /data0/mysql/3306/mysql

启动MySQL

/data0/mysql/3306/mysql start

通过命令行登录管理MySQL服务器（提示输入密码时直接回车）

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p -S /tmp/mysql.sock

输入以下SQL语句，创建一个具有root权限的用户（admin）和密码（12345678）

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO \'admin\'@\'localhost\' IDENTIFIED BY \'12345678\'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO \'admin\'@\'127.0.0.1\' IDENTIFIED BY \'12345678\';

有时候编译无法生成 /tmp/mysql.sock ?
要等 mysql 启动过后才会生成，有部分原因会导致无法生成。

编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar zxvf php-5.4.1.tar.gz cd php-5.4.1/ ./configure --enable-fpm --enable-cgi --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/lib --with-png-dir=/usr/lib --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-mbstring --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soapmake make install cp php.ini-development /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini cd ../

创建php-fpm配置文件

vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

输入一下内容

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; FPM Configuration ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; All relative paths in this configuration file are relative to PHP\'s install ; prefix (/usr/local/webserver/php). This prefix can be dynamicaly changed by using the ; \'-p\' argument from the command line. ; Include one or more files. If glob(3) exists, it is used to include a bunch of ; files from a glob(3) pattern. This directive can be used everywhere in the ; file. ; Relative path can also be used. They will be prefixed by: ; - the global prefix if it\'s been set (-p arguement) ; - /usr/local/webserver/php otherwise ;include=etc/fpm.d/*.conf ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Global Options ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; [global] ; Pid file ; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/webserver/php/var ; Default Value: none ;pid = run/php-fpm.pid ; Error log file ; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/webserver/php/var ; Default Value: log/php-fpm.log ;error_log = log/php-fpm.log ; Log level ; Possible Values: alert, error, warning, notice, debug ; Default Value: notice ;log_level = notice ; If this number of child processes exit with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS within the time ; interval set by emergency_restart_interval then FPM will restart. A value ; of \'0\' means \'Off\'. ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_threshold = 0 ; Interval of time used by emergency_restart_interval to determine when ; a graceful restart will be initiated. This can be useful to work around ; accidental corruptions in an accelerator\'s shared memory. ; Available Units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;emergency_restart_interval = 0 ; Time limit for child processes to wait for a reaction on signals from master. ; Available units: s(econds), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Unit: seconds ; Default Value: 0 ;process_control_timeout = 0 ; Send FPM to background. Set to \'no\' to keep FPM in foreground for debugging. ; Default Value: yes ;daemonize = yes ; Set open file descriptor rlimit for the master process. ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_files = 1024 ; Set max core size rlimit for the master process. ; Possible Values: \'unlimited\' or an integer greater or equal to 0 ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_core = 0 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Pool Definitions ; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; Multiple pools of child processes may be started with different listening ; ports and different management options. The name of the pool will be ; used in logs and stats. There is no limitation on the number of pools which ; FPM can handle. Your system will tell you anyway :) ; Start a new pool named \'www\'. ; the variable $pool can we used in any directive and will be replaced by the ; pool name (\'www\' here) [www] ; Per pool prefix ; It only applies on the following directives: ; - \'slowlog\' ; - \'listen\' (unixsocket) ; - \'chroot\' ; - \'chdir\' ; - \'php_values\' ; - \'php_admin_values\' ; When not set, the global prefix (or /usr/local/webserver/php) applies instead. ; Note: This directive can also be relative to the global prefix. ; Default Value: none ;prefix = /path/to/pools/$pool ; The address on which to accept FastCGI requests. ; Valid syntaxes are: ; \'ip.add.re.ss:port\' - to listen on a TCP socket to a specific address on ; a specific port; ; \'port\' - to listen on a TCP socket to all addresses on a ; specific port; ; \'/path/to/unix/socket\' - to listen on a unix socket. ; Note: This value is mandatory. listen = 127.0.0.1:9000 ; Set listen(2) backlog. A value of \'-1\' means unlimited. ; Default Value: 128 (-1 on FreeBSD and OpenBSD) ;listen.backlog = -1 ; List of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients which are allowed to connect. ; Equivalent to the FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment variable in the original ; PHP FCGI (5.2.2+). Makes sense only with a tcp listening socket. Each address ; must be separated by a comma. If this value is left blank, connections will be ; accepted from any ip address. ; Default Value: any ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 ; Set permissions for unix socket, if one is used. In Linux, read/write ; permissions must be set in order to allow connections from a web server. Many ; BSD-derived systems allow connections regardless of permissions. ; Default Values: user and group are set as the running user ; mode is set to 0666 ;listen.owner = nobody ;listen.group = nobody ;listen.mode = 0666 ; Unix user/group of processes ; Note: The user is mandatory. If the group is not set, the default user\'s group ; will be used. user = nobody group = nobody ; Choose how the process manager will control the number of child processes. ; Possible Values: ; static - a fixed number (pm.max_children) of child processes; ; dynamic - the number of child processes are set dynamically based on the ; following directives: ; pm.max_children - the maximum number of children that can ; be alive at the same time. ; pm.start_servers - the number of children created on startup. ; pm.min_spare_servers - the minimum number of children in \'idle\' ; state (waiting to process). If the number ; of \'idle\' processes is less than this ; number then some children will be created. ; pm.max_spare_servers - the maximum number of children in \'idle\' ; state (waiting to process). If the number ; of \'idle\' processes is greater than this ; number then some children will be killed. ; Note: This value is mandatory. pm = dynamic ; The number of child processes to be created when pm is set to \'static\' and the ; maximum number of child processes to be created when pm is set to \'dynamic\'. ; This value sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be ; served. Equivalent to the ApacheMaxClients directive with mpm_prefork. ; Equivalent to the PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment variable in the original PHP ; CGI. ; Note: Used when pm is set to either \'static\' or \'dynamic\' ; Note: This value is mandatory. pm.max_children = 50 ; The number of child processes created on startup. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to \'dynamic\' ; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2 pm.start_servers = 20 ; The desired minimum number of idle server processes. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to \'dynamic\' ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to \'dynamic\' pm.min_spare_servers = 5 ; The desired maximum number of idle server processes. ; Note: Used only when pm is set to \'dynamic\' ; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to \'dynamic\' pm.max_spare_servers = 35 ; The number of requests each child process should execute before respawning. ; This can be useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries. For ; endless request processing specify \'0\'. Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS. ; Default Value: 0 ;pm.max_requests = 500 ; The URI to view the FPM status page. If this value is not set, no URI will be ; recognized as a status page. By default, the status page shows the following ; information: ; accepted conn - the number of request accepted by the pool; ; pool - the name of the pool; ; process manager - static or dynamic; ; idle processes - the number of idle processes; ; active processes - the number of active processes; ; total processes - the number of idle + active processes. ; max children reached - number of times, the process limit has been reached, ; when pm tries to start more children (works only for ; pm \'dynamic\') ; The values of \'idle processes\', \'active processes\' and \'total processes\' are ; updated each second. The value of \'accepted conn\' is updated in real time. ; Example output: ; accepted conn: 12073 ; pool: www ; process manager: static ; idle processes: 35 ; active processes: 65 ; total processes: 100 ; max children reached: 1 ; By default the status page output is formatted as text/plain. Passing either ; \'html\', \'xml\' or \'json\' as a query string will return the corresponding output ; syntax. Example: ; http://www.foo.bar/status ; http://www.foo.bar/status?json ; http://www.foo.bar/status?html ; http://www.foo.bar/status?xml ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be ; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it ; may conflict with a real PHP file. ; Default Value: not set ;pm.status_path = /status ; The ping URI to call the monitoring page of FPM. If this value is not set, no ; URI will be recognized as a ping page. This could be used to test from outside ; that FPM is alive and responding, or to ; - create a graph of FPM availability (rrd or such); ; - remove a server from a group if it is not responding (load balancing); ; - trigger alerts for the operating team (24/7). ; Note: The value must start with a leading slash (/). The value can be ; anything, but it may not be a good idea to use the .php extension or it ; may conflict with a real PHP file. ; Default Value: not set ;ping.path = /ping ; This directive may be used to customize the response of a ping request. The ; response is formatted as text/plain with a 200 response code. ; Default Value: pong ;ping.response = pong ; The access log file ; Default: not set ;access.log = log/$pool.access.log ; The access log format. ; The following syntax is allowed ; %%: the \'%\' character ; %C: %CPU used by the request ; it can accept the following format: ; - %{user}C for user CPU only ; - %{system}C for system CPU only ; - %{total}C for user + system CPU (default) ; %d: time taken to serve the request ; it can accept the following format: ; - %{seconds}d (default) ; - %{miliseconds}d ; - %{mili}d ; - %{microseconds}d ; - %{micro}d ; %e: an environment variable (same as $_ENV or $_SERVER) ; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the env ; variable. Some exemples: ; - server specifics like: %{REQUEST_METHOD}e or %{SERVER_PROTOCOL}e ; - HTTP headers like: %{HTTP_HOST}e or %{HTTP_USER_AGENT}e ; %f: script filename ; %l: content-length of the request (for POST request only) ; %m: request method ; %M: peak of memory allocated by PHP ; it can accept the following format: ; - %{bytes}M (default) ; - %{kilobytes}M ; - %{kilo}M ; - %{megabytes}M ; - %{mega}M ; %n: pool name ; %o: ouput header ; it must be associated with embraces to specify the name of the header: ; - %{Content-Type}o ; - %{X-Powered-By}o ; - %{Transfert-Encoding}o ; - .... ; %p: PID of the child that serviced the request ; %P: PID of the parent of the child that serviced the request ; %q: the query string ; %Q: the \'?\' character if query string exists ; %r: the request URI (without the query string, see %q and %Q) ; %R: remote IP address ; %s: status (response code) ; %t: server time the request was received ; it can accept a strftime(3) format: ; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default) ; %T: time the log has been written (the request has finished) ; it can accept a strftime(3) format: ; %d/%b/%Y:%H:%M:%S %z (default) ; %u: remote user ; ; Default: "%R - %u %t "%m %r" %s" ;access.format = %R - %u %t "%m %r%Q%q" %s %f %{mili}d %{kilo}M %C%% ; The timeout for serving a single request after which the worker process will ; be killed. This option should be used when the \'max_execution_time\' ini option ; does not stop script execution for some reason. A value of \'0\' means \'off\'. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Value: 0 ;request_terminate_timeout = 0 ; The timeout for serving a single request after which a PHP backtrace will be ; dumped to the \'slowlog\' file. A value of \'0s\' means \'off\'. ; Available units: s(econds)(default), m(inutes), h(ours), or d(ays) ; Default Value: 0 ;request_slowlog_timeout = 0 ; The log file for slow requests ; Default Value: not set ; Note: slowlog is mandatory if request_slowlog_timeout is set ;slowlog = log/$pool.log.slow ; Set open file descriptor rlimit. ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_files = 1024 ; Set max core size rlimit. ; Possible Values: \'unlimited\' or an integer greater or equal to 0 ; Default Value: system defined value ;rlimit_core = 0 ; Chroot to this directory at the start. This value must be defined as an ; absolute path. When this value is not set, chroot is not used. ; Note: you can prefix with \'$prefix\' to chroot to the pool prefix or one ; of its subdirectories. If the pool prefix is not set, the global prefix ; will be used instead. ; Note: chrooting is a great security feature and should be used whenever ; possible. However, all PHP paths will be relative to the chroot ; (error_log, sessions.save_path, ...). ; Default Value: not set ;chroot = ; Chdir to this directory at the start. ; Note: relative path can be used. ; Default Value: current directory or / when chroot ;chdir = /var/www ; Redirect worker stdout and stderr into main error log. If not set, stdout and ; stderr will be redirected to /dev/null according to FastCGI specs. ; Note: on highloaded environement, this can cause some delay in the page ; process time (several ms). ; Default Value: no ;catch_workers_output = yes ; Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH. All $VARIABLEs are taken from ; the current environment. ; Default Value: clean env ;env[HOSTNAME] = $HOSTNAME ;env[PATH] = /usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin ;env[TMP] = /tmp ;env[TMPDIR] = /tmp ;env[TEMP] = /tmp ; Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers. These settings ; overwrite the values previously defined in the php.ini. The directives are the ; same as the PHP SAPI: ; php_value/php_flag - you can set classic ini defines which can ; be overwritten from PHP call \'ini_set\'. ; php_admin_value/php_admin_flag - these directives won\'t be overwritten by ; PHP call \'ini_set\' ; For php_*flag, valid values are on, off, 1, 0, true, false, yes or no. ; Defining \'extension\' will load the corresponding shared extension from ; extension_dir. Defining \'disable_functions\' or \'disable_classes\' will not ; overwrite previously defined php.ini values, but will append the new value ; instead. ; Note: path INI options can be relative and will be expanded with the prefix ; (pool, global or /usr/local/webserver/php) ; Default Value: nothing is defined by default except the values in php.ini and ; specified at startup with the -d argument ;php_admin_value[sendmail_path] = /usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i -f www@my.domain.com ;php_flag[display_errors] = off ;php_admin_value[error_log] = /var/log/fpm-php.www.log ;php_admin_flag[log_errors] = on ;php_admin_value[memory_limit] = 32M

启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为128（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程）

ulimit -SHn 65535 /usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

使用php-fpm 运行php时无法加载模块？

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8173959/does-each-php-fpm-worker-individually-load-php-ini

安装Nginx

创建www用户和组，以及供 主机IP 虚拟主机使用的目录

/usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www

安装Nginx所需的pcre库

tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz cd pcre-8.10/ ./configure make && make install cd ../

安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.2.0.tar.gz cd nginx-1.2.0/ ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module make && make install cd ../

创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data1/logs chmod +w /data1/logs chown -R www:www /data1/logs

创建Nginx配置文件

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入一下内容

user www www; worker_processes 8; error_log /data1/logs/nginx_error.log crit; pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid; #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process. worker_rlimit_nofile 65535; events { use epoll; worker_connections 65535; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; #charset gb2312; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 32k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 8m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; fastcgi_connect_timeout 300; fastcgi_send_timeout 300; fastcgi_read_timeout 300; fastcgi_buffer_size 64k; fastcgi_buffers 4 64k; fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k; fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on; #limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m; server { listen 80; server_name sex.com; index index.html index.htm index.php; root /data0/htdocs/www; location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$ { #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; include fcgi.conf; } } }

在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建 fcgi.conf 文件

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

输入一下内容

fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1; fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx; fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string; fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method; fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type; fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri; fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root; fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol; fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr; fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr; fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port; fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name; # PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;

启动Nginx

ulimit -SHn 65535 /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

配置开机自动启动 Nginx + PHP + MySQL

vi /etc/rc.local

末尾追加

ulimit -SHn 65535 /usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx /data0/mysql/3306/mysql start

优化 Linux 内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

末尾追加

# Add net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536 net.core.netdev_max_backlog = 32768 net.core.somaxconn = 32768 net.core.wmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_default = 8388608 net.core.rmem_max = 16777216 net.core.wmem_max = 16777216 net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0 net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1 #net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1 net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000 net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800 #net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30 #net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65535

立即生效

/sbin/sysctl -p

不停止 Nginx 服务的情况下平滑变更 Nginx 配置

修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：

the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

平滑重启

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

参考来源：Nginx 0.8.x + PHP 5.2.13（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器（第6版）[原创]